OPTIMUM-AIV: A planning and scheduling system for spacecraft AIV

This paper presents a project undertaken for the European Space Agency (ESA). The project is developing a knowledge based system for planning and scheduling of activities for spacecraft assembly, integration and verification (AIV). The system extends to the monitoring of plan execution and the plan repair phases.

The objectives of the contract are to develop an operational kernel of a planning, scheduling and plan repair tool, called OPTIMUM-AIV, and to provide facilities which will allow individual projects to customize the kernel to suit its specific needs. The kernel shall consist of a set of software functionalities for assistance in the initial specification of the AIV plan, in the verification and generation of valid plans and schedules for the AIV activities, and in interactive monitoring and execution problem recovery for the detailed AIV plans. Embedded in OPTIMUM-AIV are external interfaces which allow integration with alternative scheduling systems and project databases.

The current status of the OPTIMUM-AIV project, as of May 1991, is that the architectural design of the system has been agreed on by ESTEC/ESA and detailed design and implementation is now underway, expecting a final delivery in October of 1991.     

Distributed Context Retrieval and Consistency Control in Pervasive Computing

The challenge of saturating all phases of pervasive service provision with context-aware functionality lies in coping with the complexity of maintaining, retrieving and distributing context information. To efficiently represent and query context information a sophisticated modelling scheme should exist. To distribute and synchronise context knowledge in various context repositories across a multitude of administrative domains, streamlined mechanisms are needed. This paper elaborates on an innovative context management framework that has been designed to cope with free-text and location based context retrieval and efficient context consistency control. The proposed framework has been incorporated in a multi-functional pervasive services platform, while most of the mechanisms it employs have been empirically evaluated.     

An exploration of expertise of knowledge workers: towards a definition of the universe of discourse for knowledge acquisition

Abstract. Knowledge systems development and use have been significantly encumbered by the difficulties of eliciting and formalizing the expertise upon which knowledge workers rely. This paper approaches the problem from an examination of the knowledge competencies of knowledge workers in order to define a universe of discourse for knowledge elicitation. It outlines two categories and several types of knowledge that could serve as the foundations for the development of a theory of expertise.     

Developing real-time knowledge-based systems with PERFECT

PERFECT (Programming EnviRonment For Expert systems Constrained in reasoning Time) is aimed at providing the necessary engineering support in real-time knowledge-based system development. PERFECT bridges the gap between the traditional analysis and design methodologies, and the implementation tools for these systems. It does so by providing the means to construct a knowledge model and to choose a suitable inference strategy. Subsequently the properties of the knowledge model and inference strategy may be analysed. For instance, it may be checked whether the knowledge model contains sufficient knowledge to diagnose a fault in an industrial process. Moreover, it may be checked whether the inference engine is able to provide an answer to a certain problem in time. If not, the analyser of PERFECT proposes an alternative structure of the knowledge model. When the constructed knowledge model and the chosen inference strategy show the required time efficiency, the compiler of PERFECT may translate them to an actual real-time knowledge based system in COGSYS. In addition, guidelines are provided with respect to the design of the human-machine interface. The resulting system is an instrument—a source of information that can be used by the human operator during problem-solving, rather than a prosthesis—a device that solves the entire problem by itself and presents the outcome to the human operator.     

计算机生成兵力中的人工智能技术

开发CGF的难点和重点在于CGF实体行为的生成,尤其是人类智能行为的实现。人类行为建模最重要的三个方面是知识获取、知识表示和决策机制,都与人工智能技术相关。该文主要介绍人类行为描述的知识表示和知识获取问题,讨论了人工智能技术在这两个方面的应用,并对将来的研究工作做了一个简单的展望。     

Automated Support for Building and Extending Expert Models

Building a knowledge-based system is like developing a scientific theory. Although a knowledge base does not constitute a theory of some natural phenomenon, it does represent a theory of how a class of professionals approaches an application task. As when scientists develop a natural theory, builders of expert systems first must formulate a model of the behavior that they wish to understand and then must corroborate and extend that model with the aid of specific examples. Thus there are two interrelated phases of knowledge-base construction: (1) model building and (2) model extension. Computer-based tools can assist developers with both phases of the knowledge-acquisition process. Workers in the area of knowledge acquisition have developed computer-based tools that emphasize either the building of new models or the extension of existing models. The PROTÉGÉ knowledge-acquisition system addresses these two activities individually and facilitates the construction of expert systems when the same general model can be applied to a variety of application tasks.     

示例学习的广义扩张矩阵算法及其实现

本文对扩张矩阵理论加以扩充，提出关于公式的扩张矩阵的概念，并据此实现一个广义扩张矩阵算法叫做ＡＥ９，本文还将ＡＥ９和ＡＱ１５应用于几个实际领域的学习问题，如睡眠状态的分类，手写数字识别等，结果都表明ＡＥ９比ＡＱ１５分类精度更高。     

Error handling in a parallel LR substring parser

Parallel parsing is currently receiving attention but there is little discussion about the adaptation of sequential error handling techniques to these parallel algorithms. We describe a noncorrecting error handler implemented with a parallel LR substring parser. The parser used is a parallel version of Cormack's LR substring parser. The applicability of noncorrecting error handling for parallel parsing is discussed. The error information provided for a standard set of 118 erroneous Pascal programs is analysed. The programs are run on the sequential LR substring parser.     

NP问题的最优轮复杂性知识的零知识证明

NP问题已有的知识的(黑箱)零知识证明都是非常数轮的,因此,在标准的复杂性假设下,NP问题是否存在常数轮的(黑箱)知识的零知识证明是一个有意义的问题.本文对该问题进行了研究,在一定的假设下给出了HC问题的两个常数轮知识的零知识证明系统.根据Katz最近的研究结果,在多项式分层不坍塌的条件下,本文基于claw-free陷门置换给出的HC问题的5轮知识的零知识证明系统具有最优的轮复杂性.     

A new intelligent prediction system model-the compound pyramid model

A current development trend in research on intelligent systems is to optimize a general intelligent prediction system into an individuation intelligent prediction system that is applied in specialized fields. Protein structure prediction is a challenging international issue. In this paper, we propose a new intelligent prediction system model, designed as a multi-layer compound pyramid model, for predicting secondary protein structure. The model comprises four independent intelligent interfaces and several knowledge discovery methods. The model penetrates throughout the domain knowledge, with the effective attributes chosen by Causal Cellular Automata. Furthermore, a high pure structure database is constructed for training. On the RS126 dataset, the overall state per-residue accuracy, Q3, reached 83.99%, while on the CB513 dataset, Q3 reached 85.58%. Meanwhile, on the CASP8 sequences, the results are superior to those produced by other methods, such as Psipred, Jpred, APSSP2 and BehairPred. These results confirm that our method has a strong generalization ability, and that it provides a model for the construction of other intelligent systems.